中國，北京
2015年10月31日
一、第二十一次“基礎四國”氣候變化部長級會議于2015年10月30—31日在北京舉行。中國氣候變化事務特別代表解振華閣下、巴西環境部長伊薩貝拉·特謝拉閣下、印度環境森林與氣候變化部部長普拉卡什·賈瓦德卡爾閣下、南非環境事務部副司長朱迪·博蒙特女士作為南非環境事務部長莫萊瓦閣下的代表出席了會議。中國國務院副總理張高麗閣下于2015年10月30日會見了“基礎四國”的代表。
二、部長們全面分析了當前的氣候變化政治形勢，表達了將通過一個透明、全面和締約方驅動的進程推動巴黎氣候變化會議取得成功的堅定決心。考慮到所剩的談判時間有限，部長們強調各方應以2015年10月23日修改后的非正式文件為基礎加速案文談判。
三、“基礎四國”部長們重申他們將致力于與其他締約方一道在所有問題上建設性地開展工作，達成一個在《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》(以下簡稱公約)下的公平、有力度、全面、平衡和持久的巴黎協議，加強公約全面、有效和持續實施，以實現公約第二條所述目標，而不是建立一個有別于公約的體制。巴黎協議應完全遵循公約的原則和規定，特別是公平原則、共同但有區別的責任原則和各自能力原則。發達國家和發展中國家的區分應當反映在協議的每一個要素中。
四、部長們重申, 巴黎協議須平衡處理德班授權確定的減緩、適應、資金、技術開發和轉讓、能力建設以及行動和支持透明度等核心要素。
五、部長們強調通過加強減緩、適應及針對減緩和適應的實施手段將全球平均溫升控制在工業革命前水平2℃以內的重要性。
六、部長們認為巴黎協議應根據公約第4條要求締約方定期準備、通報和實施其強化承諾和行動。努力應體現締約方超越現有承諾的進展。
七、部長們進一步強調貢獻應由國家自主決定，且應全面包括減緩、適應及發達國家向發展中國家提供的支持。部長們同時重申力度和持續進展應同時涵蓋行動和支持。
八、部長們重申發達國家必須在2020年后發揮帶頭作用，承諾和實施有力度的、全經濟范圍的絕對量化減排目標，而發展中國家將加強它們不同類型的減緩努力。
九、部長們強調減緩和適應在協議中同等重要。共同承諾必須確認適應是一項全球責任。巴黎協議應確保向發展中國家提供充足的國際支持，以滿足發展中國家適應行動的需求和成本。具體應包括為發展中國家加強適應計劃、政策、規劃和行動提供支持。
十、部長們強調發達國家必須為發展中國家在巴黎協議下開展有力度的減緩和適應行動提供資金、技術開發和轉讓以及能力建設支持，特別包括通過定期制定、通報和實施他們的前瞻性資金支持的目標、戰略、計劃和政策，旨在以每年1000億美元為起點，逐步大幅提高2020年后的支持力度。區別于官方發展援助的公共資金應為氣候資金主要來源，而私營資金可以發揮補充性作用。
十一、部長們強調向發展中國家提供技術開發和轉讓支持的必要性。巴黎協議應加強現有的技術機制，以促進環境友好技術和專有知識的研發、示范和擴散，特別是通過在綠色氣候基金下創建一個窗口以解決知識產權問題。
十二、部長們強調公約下已建立的有關適應、損失損害、資金和技術的現有機制應納入巴黎協議并在協議下進一步強化。
十三、部長們一致同意2020年后關于行動和支持的強化透明度系統應以目前公約下有區別的安排為基礎，并給予發展中國家一定的靈活性。強化的透明度系統應確保發達國家通過報告其提供資金、技術和能力建設支持的進展提高關于支持的透明度，并為發展中國家提供支持以提高其實施行動和接受支持的透明度能力。
十四、部長們支持建立關于巴黎協議實施以及實現公約目標和溫控目標進展的全球整體盤點進程，盤點應全面包括減緩、適應和實施手段。
十五、部長們擔憂地注意到2020年前的力度差距不僅存在于減緩領域，同時也存在于適應以及向發展中國家提供資金、技術和能力建設支持領域。部長們強調需要發達國家提高2020年前力度以構建締約方之間的信任。他們呼吁巴黎會議就2020年前力度達成有力、全面和有意義的決議，為2020年后加強行動奠定堅實的基礎。
十六、部長們敦促發達國家重審并提高其在《公約》和《京都議定書》第二承諾期下的減排目標，以實現到2020年比1990年減排至少25%-40%的目標。部長們進一步敦促發達國家履行其向發展中國家提供新的、額外的、可預期和充足資金資源的義務，并確保其可測量、可報告和可核實，特別是需要制定實現到2020年每年提供1000億美元資金支持目標的清晰路線圖和路徑。
十七、部長們敦促已承諾向綠色氣候基金注資的發達國家盡快簽訂出資協議或安排。部長們感謝這些發達國家已做出的注資承諾，并呼吁其提高承諾金額。部長們進一步敦促尚未承諾向綠色氣候基金注資的發達國家盡快做出承諾。部長們強調綠色氣候基金應在締約方大會的指導下運行，并向締約方大會負責。
十八、盡管面臨社會經濟發展和減貧的多重挑戰，作為發展中國家的“基礎四國”，仍在國內采取了有力的應對氣候變化行動。四國還進一步提出了國家自主決定貢獻。“基礎四國”敦促發達國家盡早通報關于向發展中國家提供支持的承諾以履行在《公約》下的承諾。
十九、部長們注意到并感謝“基礎四國”專家在公平、區分、力度、國家自主貢獻和資金等方面所開展的工作，并要求他們繼續開展相關工作。
二十、部長們重申“基礎四國”作為發展中國家致力于維護“77國集團+中國”的團結，強調發展中國家間合作的重要性。他們感謝南非對集團的領導力。他們對通過“77國集團+中國”在巴黎進一步強化發展中國家的共同立場表示支持。
二十一、部長們歡迎印度于2016年上半年舉辦第二十二次“基礎四國”氣候變化部長級會議。
Joint Statement Issued at the Conclusion of the 21st BASIC Ministerial Meeting on Climate Change
Beijing, China
31 October 2015
1. The 21st BASIC Ministerial Meeting on Climate Change was held in Beijing on 30 and 31 October 2015. The meeting was attended by H.E. Mr. Xie Zhenhua, Special Representative for Climate Change of China, H.E. Ms. Izabella Teixeira, Minister for the Environment of Brazil, H.E. Mr. Prakash Javadekar, Minister of State (IC) of Environment, Forests and Climate Change of India and Ms. Judy Beaumont, Deputy Director-General of the Department of Environmental Affairs as the representative of H.E. Ms. Edna Molewa, Minister of Environmental Affairs of South Africa. H.E. Mr. Zhang Gaoli, Vice Premier of the State Council of China, met with the representatives of the BASIC countries on 30 October 2015.
2. As they made a thorough analysis of current climate change politics, Ministers expressed their unequivocal commitment towards a successful outcome at the Paris Climate Change Conference through a transparent, inclusive and Party-driven process. Ministers underlined the need for accelerating the textual negotiation on the basis of the revised non-paper of 23 October 2015, given the limited amount of negotiating time left.
3. BASIC Ministers reiterated their commitment to work together constructively with other Parties on all issues to reach an equitable, ambitious, comprehensive, balanced and durable Paris agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that enhances the full, effective and sustained implementation of the Convention, in order to achieve the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2, and not to create a regime distinct from the Convention. The Paris agreement shall be in full accordance with its principles and provisions, in particular the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Differentiation between developed and developing countries should be reflected in each element of the agreement.
4. Ministers reaffirmed that the Paris agreement shall address in a balanced manner the core elements mandated by the Durban Platform, i.e., mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and transfer, capacity-building and transparency of action and support.
5. Ministers emphasized the importance of holding the increase in average global temperature below 2°C related to pre-industrial levels, through enhanced mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation for both.
6. Ministers affirmed that the Paris agreement should provide for Parties to regularly prepare, communicate and implement their enhanced commitments and actions in accordance with Article 4 of the Convention. Such an effort should represent a progression beyond the current undertaking of that Party.
7. Ministers further emphasized that contributions should be nationally determined and comprehensive, covering mitigation, adaptation and provision of support by developed countries to developing countries. Ministers also reaffirmed that ambition and progression should cover both action and support.
8. Ministers reiterated that developed countries must take the lead in the post-2020 period, by committing and implementing ambitious, economy-wide, absolute quantified emission reduction targets. On their part, developing countries will enhance their different types of mitigation efforts.
9. Ministers stressed the equal importance of adaptation and mitigation in the agreement. Collective commitments must confirm that adaptation is a global responsibility. The Paris agreement should ensure the provision of adequate international support to developing countries, based on their needs and costs of adaptation. This should include support for enhanced adaptation plans, policies, programmes and actions of developing countries.
10. Ministers emphasized that developed countries must provide financial resources, technology development and transfer and capacity-building support to developing countries for their ambitious mitigation and adaptation actions under the Paris agreement, including in particular through periodically formulating, communicating and implementing their forward-looking targets, strategies, plans and policies on financial support, in order to progressively and substantially scale up their support in the post-2020 period, with USD 100 billion per year as a starting point. Public financial resources, distinct from ODA, should be the main source and funds from the private sectors can be complementary.
11. Ministers underscored the need for technology development and transfer to developing countries. The Paris agreement should provide for strengthening the existing technology mechanism, with a view to promoting cooperation on research and development, demonstration and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies and know-how, in particular addressing the issue of intellectual property rights by creating a window under the Green Climate Fund (GCF).
12. Ministers emphasized that existing institutions and mechanisms created under the Convention on adaptation, loss and damage, finance and technology should be anchored and further strengthened in the Paris agreement.
13. Ministers concurred that a post-2020 enhanced transparency system of action and support should be built on the existing differentiated arrangements under the Convention, while providing flexibility to developing countries. Such system should ensure that developed countries enhance the transparency of support by reporting their progress on provision of finance, technology and capacity-building support and provide support to developing countries for enhancing their capabilities on transparency of action and support received.
14. Ministers supported the establishment of a global stocktaking of the overall implementation of the Paris agreement and progress towards achieving the objective of the Convention and the global temperature goal. The stocktaking should cover mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation in a comprehensive manner.
15. Ministers noted with concern that pre-2020 ambition gaps exist not only in mitigation, but also in adaptation, finance, technology and capacity-building support to developing countries. They highlighted the need for increasing pre-2020 ambition by developed countries to build trust amongst Parties. They called for a strong, comprehensive and meaningful decision on pre-2020 ambition in Paris with a view to laying a solid foundation for post-2020 enhanced action.
16. Ministers urged developed countries to revisit and increase their emission reduction commitments under the Convention or the 2nd commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, in order to achieve at least 25%-40% below 1990 levels by 2020. Ministers further called on developed countries to honor their obligations to provide new, additional, predictable and adequate financial resources to developing countries in a measurable, reportable and verifiable manner, in particular defining a clear roadmap and pathway towards achieving their goal of providing USD 100 billion per year by 2020.
17. Ministers urged those developed countries who have made pledges to the GCF to sign contribution agreements or arrangements as a matter of urgency. They also called on those developed countries to increase their contributions to the GCF, while acknowledging the pledges already made. They further urged developed countries that have not done so to make contributions to the GCF as soon as possible. They emphasized that the GCF should function under the guidance of and be accountable to the COP.
18. Notwithstanding the multiple challenges in terms of social and economic development and poverty eradication, BASIC countries, as developing countries, are undertaking robust actions domestically on climate change. They have further communicated their ambitious intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs). They urged developed countries to communicate their commitments on provision of support as early as possible to fulfill their obligations under the Convention.
19. Ministers noted with appreciation the work done by the BASIC experts including on equity, differentiation, ambition, INDCs and finance, and requested them to continue their work.
20. Ministers reaffirmed the commitment of BASIC, as developing countries, to the unity of Group of 77 and China, and highlighted the importance of cooperation among developing countries. They expressed their appreciation to South Africa for the leadership of the group. They voiced their support for further strengthening developing countries’ common positions in Paris through the Group of 77 and China.
21. Ministers welcomed the offer by India to host the 22nd BASIC Ministerial Meeting in the first half of 2016.
責任編輯：郭亞南
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